A lei genética geral do desenvolvimento cultural em Vigotski e em autores brasileiros

Abstract

In this study, it was searched a better understanding of the Genetics General Law of the Cultural Development claimed by Vigotski to explain his hypothesis that every higher mental function appears twice in the human development: first in the interpersonal plan, than in the intrapersonal plano Once Vigotski does not make it clear how this "transformation" happens, it was searched in the concept of internalization the key to the understanding of this phenomenon. Searching the Law in the whole of the sociocultural theory it was verified that Vigotski puts the human development as a complex dialectic process where globality and historicity (categories of the dialectic materialism from Marx) are permanently indissoluble. Through this view, the higher mental functions are semiotically mediated, voluntary and conscious. That means, they consist and emerge in and from the interpersonal relationships that the individual establish in the social practises lived by him, during which he assumes the cultural productions elaborated by the previous generations. In order to better understand this principIe, the author' s path was covered to get to its formulation studying - even though superficiaIIy -: the dialectic materialism influence; the critics to the methodological processes of the Psychology of the 20' s; the principIe of the two lines of the development (natural and cultural) and, for the biologicalline, it was appealed to the explanation of Luria and Leontiev. It was examined that the GGLCD becomes related with other vigotskians principies, particularly important to the Education: the thoughtjlanguage relationship; the formation of the daily and scientific concepts; the learningj development relationship and the principie about the area of the near development. To enrich and extend the study it was investigated the understanding that Brazilian authors (studious of Vigotski's work) give to the internalization concept. FinaIIy, it was understood that the Genetics General Law of the Cultural Development - as it was formulated by Vigotski -, suggests dichotomies and, therefore, can only be understood inside the dialectic perspective and considering the theoretic whole of the author