A analética de Enrique Dussel e a dialógica de Paulo Freire: em busca dos fundamentos da ética da libertação

Abstract

In Enrique Dussel’s Ethics of Liberation are present the Heideggerian, Marxian and mainly Levinasian references which, in most part, will codetermine it, sometimes in relative harmony, sometimes in severe dissension between them and, above all, with other adherent references to post-colonialism. Tensioned by this mix of synchrony and litigation, the Dusselian Ethics will attempt to gradually establish itself within an anti-Eurocentric scope. The evolution of Dussel’s thinking notably expresses an attempt to promote the replacement of a Eurocentric ethic to a general ethic engendered from Latin America. Considering Dussel’s declaration itself, according to which Paulo Freire is the educator of the ethical-critical conscience of the victims, responsible for revealing the communal intersubjectivity of the historical subject in the process of awareness in front of the capitalist oppression, this present thesis – which initially aimed to enquire on the degree of proximity between them both, as well as inquiring about their dissimilitudes – has been faced, from a certain angle, with the suspicion that the presence of the Brazilian pedagogue would order a successive rigorousness of theoretical clashes lead by Dussel with an European thinking, coming from notions that gravitate around the concept of awareness implying, necessarily, a determined being of a transformative action. Furthermore, the specificity of these concepts would have demarcated the profiling of ideas of that which would be denominated, finally, “the last Dussel” and, consequently, the definitive character of the Ethics of Liberation in its clash with the Discourse Ethics.