Gerenciamento de resultados e sua interferência no Índice de Basileia dos principais bancos de grande porte listados na B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão)

Abstract

The financial system can be affected by crises and uncertainties due to the different types of risks or information asymmetry that can generate losses and possible bankruptcies. Given this, there is a need to improve the capacity of the banking system to absorb shocks and mitigate risks. It is in this context that the present study arises, with the objective of investigating whether there is earnings management through the account of expenses with Loan Loss Provisions (LLPs) and its interference in the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) of the main banks listed in B3. The time cut determined for the survey covered the fourth quarter of 2010 until the fourth quarter of 2018, thus making 33 quarterly observations for each research variable analyzed by the bank, totaling 132 observations collected in the database of the B3, Brazilian Central Bank and economic-financial information of the banks' quarterly financial statements. Descriptive statistics, correlation tests and linear regression models with panel data (pooled, fixed effects and random effects) are used. The main statistically significant results indicate that there are indications of earnings management through the LLPs expenses, but the results are inconclusive for capital management with CAR. Research contributes academically by providing the academic debate on earnings management and capital management in banks. In the social sphere, it contributes to the decision-making process of managers, investors, financial analysts and regulators of the banking sector by addressing aspects that encourage financial institutions to manage earnings and capital