A dimensão subjetiva do trabalho doméstico remunerado: uma análise sob a perspectiva da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica

Abstract

In Brazil, remunerated domestic work is essentially feminine and employs about 5.9 million women, corresponding to 16.8% of female occupation. 61% of this quota is made up of black women. The maids were historically subjected to a series of excludent aspects such as low remuneration, hiring on the margins of legality and discrimination of gender and race. This research aims to understand the subjective dimension of remunerated domestic work. When talking about this category we highlight the subjectivity that constitutes social phenomena, starting from a dialectical and historical understanding of the subject and the individual-society relationship, inserted in a historicity. The results found, collected through documents, news, reports, participations in the category union and the realization of interviews with five housekeepers, were systate in the form of categories and point to: 1-the presence of Elements that relate domestic work to the slavavocrata period; 2-The use of affective aspects as a way to maintain domestic work as an activity exercised in the absence of labor rights; 3-The Association of domestic work and of the domestic worker as subwork and Subcitizens respectively and, 4 – the presence of gender issues, embedded with the issues of class and race, differentiating the domestic worker as "not woman" or, as a Simple work object. Sociohistorical psychology was chosen as a theoretical-methodological approach, as it provides an understanding of man as being active, social and historical. When investigating the subjective dimension of this type of work, it is understood that the domestic worker is not merely a consequence of the social reality in which it is inserted, but as an active subject, which constitutes this reality and is simultaneously constituted by it. This research intends to contribute to the criticism of the socially dominant ideology that subalternates these workers by relegating them to a subcitizenship, a condition without recognition and rights