Por uma geografia da inclusão: a importância do território para o cuidado em saúde mental

Abstract

This study intends to contribute to a process of reflection on mental health care and had as objectives a) to examine the effect of the territory on the opportunities of social inclusion and promotion of citizenship in mental health services; B) apprehend the social mechanisms that influence this effect, reducing or increasing the quality of these opportunities. The study was based on the analysis of the role of the territory in the processes of inclusion and psychosocial rehabilitation. It contains a discussion about psychiatric reform and de-institutionalization, accomplished in three stages: the first, on the importance of the territory for the mental health network services, the second comprised the critique of the concepts of psychosocial rehabilitation, social reinsertion and social inclusion / exclusion, and the third, which sought to show the multiple dimensions of the notion of territory, beyond the geographical aspect. A theoretical-methodological discussion was elaborated focusing on the strategy to use maps and, more specifically, care maps on the research. Field research was also carried out in order to understand the relationship between territory and mental health services. This research involved the follow-up of two subjects who are users of this service network. The analysis of the data collected was based on Saraceno's propositions. It was possible to observe that the territory is an important factor in the process of citizenship construction and, therefore, in mental health care. We found, however, that the potential of utilization of the territory by the services of the Network of Psychosocial Care can be better explored. Finally, we conclude that in mental health care, it is important to consider the social, historical and political aspects involved in this process