Senta a pua! - resiliência em ambiente de aviação: a experiência do grupo de aviação de caça do Brasil na segunda guerra mundial

Abstract

The practice of airborne activity is seen as naturally adverse to the human being, this way it is considered a risky activity. Nonetheless, it represents one the most outstanding areas of performance in modern society. Despite the adversities that are characteristic to it and, for this same reason, despite involving a highly complex system, regulated and controlled, it includes professionals that are always highly motivated. The complexity of the aeronautical system, in turn, seeks to answer the expectation that, regardless the risks involved, the practice of the airborne activity is performed in an effective and safe way. To approach some of these contradictions, the present study defends the thesis of applicability of the Resilience concept, as a process of human development, in the area of human factors, in airborne environment. To test its feasibility, this conceptual model was used in the analysis of the well-succeeded performance presented by the Brazilian First Fighter Squadron (1º GAvCa) in its role during World War II. This analysis was feasible by means of a research, under a qualiquantitative approach, from life experiences of a total of 95 veterans, published in the media or obtained by applying a questionnaire to the accessible subjects. These experiences, presented in the form of speeches, were treated under the Collective Subject Speech Method. Contextualized from a historical research and the study of the symbolic of the 1o. GAvCa, the data collected permitted the unveiling of the presumed variables in the concept of Resilience, that is, context of adversity, protective factors, resilience mechanisms and positive outcome on adaptation. Facing this result, the author shows the feasibility of the approach of the unpredictable changes of the interaction man-environment-machine in the airborne environment, under Resilience approach. Moreover, it points out the advantages of its usage, allowing a higher amplitude in the analysis and improvement in the aeronautical system processes, since this approach includes the contemplation of both the risk and resilience factors, as well as enriching the positive outcome regardless the risk factors or adversity