Uma análise sobre a concentração e centralização urbana sob a ótica da economia evolucionista

Abstract

The present study provides an analysis on urban concentration and centralization under an evolutionary perspective. It is understood that this approach is a recent alternative to the limitations of orthodox urban economic theories which, in most of cases, deal with localization based on a static and equilibrium approaches. In that sense, the dynamic, adaptive and non-equilibrium approach of evolutionary economics breaks the determinism and exaggerated simplification of orthodox models and exposes a different tool to the study. It is useful, above all, to demonstrate the complexity of the subject, the need of historical context and the need to treat firms, industries, cities and regions in a heterogeneous manner. By treating the process of technological innovation in an endogenous manner, the role of knowledge diffusion is exposed on the locational decision of firms, evincing that this is not given only by costs of transport. In a context of concentration of innovative processes on relevant urban centers and on high income regions, it is understood that the incorporation of evolutionary economics assumptions on the elaboration of decentralization policies becomes relevant