O uso da educação como mediação

Abstract

This research studies the relation between education and mediation presented in samples of institutional, political and mass communication discourses. The investigation is focused on the analysis of a problem found in two educational projects: CEU, Unified Educational Center, and CECI, Indigenous Educational and Cultural Center, which were established by São Paulo City Hall under the administration of the Labor Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores PT) in 2001 and they kept appearing in the print media until the following city elections in 2004-2005. Both cases were proposed as models of educational and public policy, according to Paulo Freire s concept of popular communication, which has as its main objective the practice of a democratic and participative management. In this perspective, the Centers can be seen as places not only for participation, but also for mediation. Focusing the first analysis on the proposal of spaces built to represent the Centers as mediation, we started to exam the discourses produced by the city management, by the technical and educational assistants, and by the architects responsible for the projects, and by the media, as well as examining the intersubjective community relationships and each Center s own organizational structure. Through these analyses it was possible to arrive at an interpretation of the differences between what was proposed and what was actually done. From a methodological point of view, CEU and CECI can be understood as communicational and sociability spaces and, therefore, it is necessary to see them as semiotical and cultural texts since both projects receive a special treatment by the society, the public administration and the media in São Paulo. So, we have aimed at apprehending the relationships between discourses and their resulting effects of meaning. The analyses were based on the concept of Sociosemiotics proposed by Eric Landowski in A sociedade Refletida e Presenças do Outro; on the Plastic Semiotic established by Ana Claudia de Oliveira in Vitrinas Acidentes estéticos na cotidianidade; on the studies of Lucrécia D Alessio Ferrara as presented in Design em espaços, Leituras sem palavras; Cidade: meio, mídia e mediação. Beyond of that authors this thesis is also supportes on the concepts of technosphere and psycoshpere discussed by Milton Santos; on the program and project contextualized by Giulio Carlo Argan; on Jürgen Habermas theory in Mudança Estrutural da Esfera Pública; Consciência Moral e Agir Comunicativo; on Néstor García Canclini s Culturas Híbridas para entrar e sair da Modernidade and A globalização imaginada; on O sistema dos Objetos by Jean Baudrillard; and on Jesús Martin-Barbero s Dos Meios às Mediações. In the field of educational science, the theoretical propositions came from Moacir Gadotti, Paulo Roberto Padilha and Roberto da Silva, whose educational analyses foresee an intertwinement between Freire s ideals presented in Educação com Qualidade Social and As Cidades Educadoras. All this authors contributed to establishing a dialogue to study the two projects planned by the city management. By observing the communicative perspectives found in the issues related to the public space, to public politics, and to the problem of communicative action in the living world supplanted by the systemic world, it was possible to understand the associations, the convergences and the divergences which give an importance to CEU and CECI that goes beyond exclusively physical or functional aspects. In order to complement the analyses, we used documents, registers and political-educational projects related to both educational Centers, among other iconographical data collected in the print media.