Análise fenomenológica da interação familiar no contexto do autismo: o processo de tornar-se família

Abstract

Individuals diagnosed with Autism are considered to have particular aspects related to perception and language. Based on Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, the aim is to highlight the essential nature of perception and corporeality for language and, consequently, for interaction with others and with oneself in the family context of autism. Furthermore, the formation of meanings from the diagnosis is relevant to the process of becoming a family. The general objective of this project is to perform a phenomenological reading of the Family construction process, based on perceptions that emerge in relation to a diagnosis of ASD. The method was a case study, conducted from interviews with two participants: a mother of twin sons diagnosed with autism, and an Occupational Therapy who accompanies them. The results were organized into seven thematic groups that emerged in the discourse of the two interviewees: Diagnosis; Corporeality; Language; Possibilities of Interaction; The Other; Temporality and Care. It was possible to conclude that the diagnostic process and the demands of treatments had a great impact on maternal experience. The body was described as an important element of meaning in interactions and for the development of language. Becoming a family occurred from the opening, provided by language, of space to be and discover oneself with the other. Family exists as a project of meaning, which makes sense because of the past and moves towards the future. The relevance of interventions that focus on family impacts and that promote listening for mothers is evident; as well as interventions that encourage the development of authenticity and autonomy - seeing the being beyond their diagnosis