Garimpo ilegal nas terras indígenas: impactos sobre a saúde e os desafios para a proteção dos direitos indígenas

Abstract

The scope of this legal monograph will primarily be to analyze within the area of Human Rights, about the protection of life, culture and the right to lands traditionally occupied by indigenous peoples. Highlighting its socio-environmental impacts and the challenges faced in protecting indigenous rights. The practice of illegal mining represents a clandestine mineral exploration in areas reserved for indigenous peoples, disrespecting their lands and their rights. The nature of this project is to better understand the problem, identify it and understand the motivation for its continuity, as it is frequently seen in the national scenario. Illegal mining has significant effects on the environment, causing deforestation, river pollution and soil contamination by harmful chemical substances, such as mercury. These impacts negatively affect biodiversity, ecosystems and the quality of life of indigenous communities. As will be seen during this work how much such practice affects indigenous health. In addition to environmental damage, illegal mining also causes social conflicts, violence and slave labor on indigenous lands. Indigenous peoples are victims of invasions, threats and physical aggressions, resulting in psychosocial and emotional impacts. Therefore, during the development of the chapters, relevant aspects about the demarcation of these indigenous territories will be discussed. In addition to that, valuing cultural diversity and respect for indigenous peoples are fundamental for building a more just and sustainable society