“Deus, pátria, família” e homossexualidade: um estudo psicopolítico de gays e lésbicas de direita no Brasil

Abstract

With the victory in the 2018 presidential elections of Jair Messias Bolsonaro, a political leader considered ultraconservative, the rise of new characters and groups previously little expressive or historically marginalized in the right-wing and far-right political field could be observed, suggesting that conservative political groups have emulated to keep up with the sociocultural transformations in Brazilian political behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the elements that make up the political consciousness of self-declared conservative gays and lesbians actively engaged in defending this political agenda and to understand how gender and sexuality identity issues were instrumentalized to advance right-wing and far-right political agendas that have significantly ascended in recent years. In addition to the traditional studies on Nazism developed by Reich in 1933, Fromm in 1941, and Adorno in 1950, an attempt was made to present a more contemporary theoretical movement on conservatism and its radicalizations, intersected with identity debates on race, gender, and sexuality. Regarding the methodology, the use of the political consciousness model elaborated by Sandoval Salvador proved to be strategic and innovative for the production and analysis of data concerning the formation and expression of the political consciousness of right-wing homosexuals. Initially, fieldwork was conducted through ethnographic observations of profiles on social networks, particularly on Instagram, and reports from newspapers and virtual magazines shared on the profiles being followed on social media. Subsequently, these subjects were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews and as advertised on their social media, observations were also made at street demonstrations. The survey conducted during the research revealed the rise of the far right in the country, as well as the dynamics and transformations of conservative groups in their efforts to diversify the representatives of their political agenda. Unlike generalized conceptions that attribute little relevance and political action capability to conservative homosexuals, the subjects and groups analyzed had significant influence in this political field, with explicit recognition from important conservative leaders. Furthermore, there were skills in mobilizing feelings of belonging and solidarity networks among their peers, influencing the development of political consciousness, and expanding the affective availability of their supporters for political action. However, the radicalized speeches and actions with antidemocratic expressions identified throughout the research field impact the contemporary political arena in terms of maintaining the democratic system. Thus, beyond the deepening of the political consciousness of conservative homosexuals, this thesis draws attention to the risk that runs through the democratic political arena of not observing the complexities that structure and organize the actions of individuals and far-right political groups currently in prominence