O aspecto discursivo do gozo no incitamento ao ódio no cenário político contemporâneo: um estudo sobre a psicologia das massas

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the resurgence of hatred in the current political and social scenario in Brazil. For this, we use Freudian and Lacanian Psychoanalysis, as well as Critical Theory, to investigate the factors that are at stake in groups marked by hate speech that has invaded the social scene. From the study of the Freudian psychology of the masses, we determine the subjective aspects that act in the formation of a group. Then, we turn to authors of Critical Theory to guide the analysis of historical and social events that resulted in the emergence of authoritarian governments and also in the emergence and maintenance of the model of the social organisation of capitalist society. From the analysis of these authors, we discuss how political propaganda works and its relationship with the formation of a mass movement. Finally, we use the Lacan’s theory of discourse as a way to interconnect the subjective and historical aspects of the research. The theory of discourse allowed us to question the way of equipping the jouissance to the language in each discourse, and its manifestations in political events. We conclude that the hostility and the current masses characterized by hatred are the result of an administrative crisis of capitalist ideology. At the same time, these are sustained by a discursive articulation never seen before, namely: an alliance between the discourse of the master and the discourse of the capitalist. The exasperation of hatred happens not only through a political oratory that legitimizes it, but also from a new way of transmitting political propaganda that places hatred as a central factor in its dissemination