O Bem e o Mal na Terra Média A filosofia de Santo Agostinho em O Senhor dos Anéis de J.R.R. Tolkien como crítica à modernidade

Abstract

The Good and the Evil had always been questions that had worried the humanity. Either through the religion, of the philosophy, and the art, such subjects had been always boarded for the men. The justification of this research if places in the reflection of an existence of meaning and wisdom in previous times to modernity. For this, its existence would be to uncurl for the progress and release of the man, declassifying everything what it existed before as loss and useless time. The Christianity of Saint Augustin answers of different form to such questions. In the literature of Tolkien, these expressions many times if touch and if they move away. The bankruptcy of the modern proposals promotes in the literature of Tolkien a possibility to find this quarrel. Through diverse mithological sources and of medieval Christian traditions, Tolkien creates, or ` sub-creates ', a world where the Good and the Evil are explicit, at the same time subtle and almost tenuous. The time is not everything. Nor everything is justified for history. Something, that passes for history, but is not imprisoned it, it is presents in the literary composition of Tolkien. To try to understand this tension, between the presence of history and the movement of release of it, is necessary to understand what it is the Good and what is the Evil, therefore compelling categories of the critical in the literary composition of The Lord of the Rings. The basic method is the bibliographical revision, through the interpretation of the literature as constituted of philosophy of Augustin, and thus presenting a critical one to the historical context where it was produced. As general procedure of reasoning we elaborate the script of research, based on the evidence of the hypothesis evaluating the personages pf The Lord of the Rings as keys for the understanding of the concepts of Good and Evil in a augustinian reading. To recognize in a fantastic literature, a meeting of the man with its deep reflections, of ethical and moral nature, the said virtues cardinals of Saint Augustin, based on a work of literary and historical research, is a felt way for the proper one of the life