Ameaça em O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia: um enfoque da gramática sistêmico-funcional

Abstract

The objective of this research is to evaluate the language of threat in the O Ateneu, by Raul Pompéia , from the standpoint of the Systemic Functional Grammar and its ramifications, covering Linguistics Criticism and Appraisal . The title focuses on the power relationship of Aristarco, representing the school, concerning the new student Sérgio. As I started studying some theoretical-methodology proposals of Systemic Functional Grammar, arose the curiosity to examine in the title which I already had examined from the literature point of view in my Coursework lexico-grammatical choices made by the author to emphasize the threat that involves the environment of the O Ateneu. The threat, socially defined as having strong ideological links with assessments of violence and control by the threatening, have, until recently, received little attention in academic circles. The theory states that, while there are violent ways of command linked to high levels of threat, mitigation and implicit forms are disguised or masked completely, creating an incomplete understanding of the genre. The critical analysis, relies on Systemic Functional Grammar, focusing on the system of Transitivity and Appraisal. The research aims to answer the questions: (a) which lexical- grammatical choices are made at the O Ateneu, to express a threat? (b) How can the Transitivity contribute to this expression? (c) How can the Appraisal contribute to this expression? The results show that the threat in O Ateneu, in general, happens implicitly, it means by attitude tokens, and they are perceptible to the reader due to its fit, which gives coherence to the text, and by performing the prosody throughout the narrative. In this process, Pompéia resorts to irony, that, according to critical discourse analysis, encourages readers to become aware and evaluate what would otherwise be accepted without question