https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/9132 2026-06-09T00:12:08Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46826 Título: Austeridade fiscal como traço permanente do capitalismo contemporâneo em crise: suas implicações no financiamento da saúde pública brasileira Abstract: Contemporary capitalism is in crisis, marked by the growing presence of fiscal austerity, which has generated deep implications for the policies of the capitalist state worldwide and, particularly, in Brazil, affecting the financing of social policies. The objective of this study was to understand how fiscal austerity, as a structural expression of contemporary capitalism, affects the financing of public health in Brazil. To this end, the dissertation is organized into three chapters. The first discusses the relationship between the state and capital and the limits of public policies in the context of the capitalist crisis, highlighting austerity as a permanent element of its reproductive dynamics. The second chapter analyzes the role of austerity within the framework of the empire-form, showing how the Brazilian state, embedded in the logic of global financial capital, adopts continuous fiscal adjustments that deepen the subordination of social policies to the imperatives of accumulation. The third chapter presents an integrative review of national scientific literature on fiscal austerity and health financing, identifying the persistence of underfunding of the Unified Health System (SUS), the expansion of the private sector, and the ongoing reconfiguration of fiscal adjustment policies. It concludes that fiscal austerity is not a temporary measure but a constitutive feature of capitalism in crisis, conditioning state action and imposing structural limits on the realization of the universal right to health in Brazil Tipo: Dissertação 2026-03-20T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46800 Título: Infraestrutura e valorização imobiliária: Uma análise sob a ótica da economia política Abstract: This dissertation investigates to what extent access to urban infrastructure (water, sewerage, solid waste collection, electricity, and gas) can operate as a locational attribute whose socially produced improvements become capitalized in real estate markets. From this perspective, it discusses how infrastructure investments, by increasing local attractiveness and locational productivity, may contribute to property value appreciation, fuel speculative dynamics, reinforce capital accumulation, and shape the reproduction of socio-spatial inequalities in Brazil. The research combines a political-economy approach with empirical evidence and uses rent as a proxy for land rent. Using microdata from the 2022 Continuous PNAD (PNAD Contínua), it estimates a multiple linear regression model and Logit models relating indicators of access to infrastructure services and dwelling characteristics to rent levels and to the probability that rent exceeds a reference threshold. The results indicate a statistically significant association between better infrastructure and higher rents, with locational premiums particularly pronounced for sewerage and piped gas. From a public policy standpoint, the findings highlight the need to universalize services, internalize externalities, and strengthen policy instruments capable of preventing collective gains from being converted in a regressive manner into private benefits in a country where historically unequal land ownership structures condition territorial use and the social function of land Tipo: Dissertação 2026-03-09T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46751 Título: Superexploração da força de trabalho feminina no capitalismo dependente brasileiro: uma discussão à luz da Teoria Marxista da Dependência e da Teoria da Reprodução Social Abstract: This dissertation aims to analyze the intensification of the super-exploitation of female labor power within the framework of Brazilian dependent capitalism, drawing on a theoretical dialogue between Marxist Dependency Theory (MDT) and Social Reproduction Theory (SRT). The dependent condition of Latin American economies is understood as a historical and structural unfolding of the dynamics of global capitalism, whose reproduction is sustained through systematic mechanisms of super-exploitation of labor power. Through an articulation between MDT, which elucidates the structural violation of the value of labor power in dependent formations, and SRT, which situates women’s oppression within the broader process of capital’s social reproduction, this study argues that the super-exploitation of female labor assumes specific and gendered determinations. Manifested in the precarization of working conditions, persistent wage inequality, and the intensification of women’s total working time, such super-exploitation articulates exploitation in the sphere of paid labor with the disproportionate burden of unpaid domestic and care work, thereby revealing the gendered foundations of accumulation in dependent capitalism Tipo: Dissertação 2026-03-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45442 Título: Estado e desenvolvimento capitalista na obra de Bresser-Pereira: proposta de investigação de uma trajetória intelectual Abstract: This research proposes a path of interpretation for Bresser-Pereira's intellectual trajectory in understanding the State and capitalist development in Brazil. Using the method of political economy—which combines the analysis of capital accumulation with the sociopolitical determinants of the mode of production—it attempts to grasp the essential elements of Bresser-Pereira's interpretation of each historical phase of capitalist development in Brazil, seeking to uncover the thinkers who informed his understanding of each period, as well as connect these ideas with the works and interpreters renowned in Brazilian economic literature and the social sciences in general Tipo: Dissertação 2025-09-08T00:00:00Z