https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/11528 2026-04-03T21:45:12Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46501 Título: Fundamentação fenomenológica para a psicologia segundo Edith Stein: sobre a causalidade psíquica em Contribuições para uma fundamentação filosófica da psicologia e das ciências do espírito Abstract: This research aimed to analyze the project of a philosophical foundation for psychology according to Edith Stein. To this end, we selected the first treatise of her work Philosophy of Psychology and the Humanities (1922), titled Sentient Causality, as the primary reference. In this treatise, the author seeks to investigate the essence of the psychic, taking Husserlian phenomenology as her orientation. According to the phenomenological tradition developed by Edmund Husserl in Ideas II, psychic reality is grounded in two domains: the natural, whose operative legality is causality, and the spiritual, governed by the principle of motivation. This framework is presupposed by Stein and further complexified, for in investigating the essence of the psychic, the philosopher develops a decisive concept for the relation between both domains: lifepower. In the first place, we explicate the philosophical presuppositions expressed in Edith Stein’s work, especially regarding the foundation of psychology in the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In the second, we explore Stein’s project in depth, analyzing the structure and fundamental concepts of the psychic. In the third and final, we situate our entire analysis within the broader context of the period, namely, the need to distinguish psychology from the human sciences Tipo: Dissertação 2025-12-05T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/46480 Título: O deletério abandono da verdade: análise semiótica da pós-verdade sob a perspectiva do pragmatismo peirciano Abstract: This dissertation investigates the contemporary phenomenon of disinformation, focusing on fake news and post-truth, through the lens of Charles Sanders Peirce’s philosophical semiotics, as systematized by Ivo Assad Ibri. It begins with the observation that the digital environment has intensified the erosion of informational reliability, fostering a discursive regime in which emotionally compelling narratives often override factual correspondence. The study distinguishes fake news as punctual manifestations of falsehood and post-truth as the broader ethical and epistemological context that enables their symbolic effectiveness. The analysis centers on the disruption of semiotic mediation between sign, object, and interpretant—not as a failure of semiotics itself, but as an ethical crisis in its application, especially when emotional interpretants are manipulated to obstruct access to the dynamic object. The methodology involves philosophical analysis of Peirce’s writings, articulated with Ibri’s interpretative framework and in dialogue with contemporary authors who examine the impact of digital technologies on meaning-making. Truth is understood as a regulative horizon of communitybased inquiry, sustained by a fallibilist logic and the resistance of reality. It concludes that Peircean pragmatism offers a robust philosophical framework to confront the challenges of disinformation by proposing an ethical reconstruction of semiosis and reaffirming alterity as a condition of signification. Overcoming post-truth requires revaluing the investigative community and restoring the bonds between language and reality through a continuous process of intersubjective correction Tipo: Dissertação 2025-12-10T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45622 Título: O valor da Conversação com Burman para uma leitura da obra de Descartes Abstract: Conversation with Burman is the name given to the text entitled Responsiones Renati des Cartes ad quasdam difficultates ex Meditationibus, ejus etc., the transcription of an “interview” between the young Burman and René Descartes, in which the philosopher is asked several questions about his ideas. The objective of this dissertation is, in the first chapter, to analyze the structural aspects of the work. This analysis is justified by the presence of a series of problems related to the validity of the text, since it was not written or revised by Descartes. Furthermore, it is not a commentary on the philosopher but rather the presentation of an “interview” with him. After making the necessary considerations regarding the work, in the second chapter, I present a reading of what Burman can convey to us about Descartes, that is, the questions and his approach to Cartesian philosophy. In addition, I analyze some concepts that Descartes clarifies in Burman's text. In the third and final chapter, I discuss the thesis of the free creation of eternal truths, since this thesis is better elaborated in this text and in the letters than in the works published by Descartes Tipo: Dissertação 2025-10-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45453 Título: Reminiscência e Teoria das Formas no Fédon de Platão Abstract: This dissertation investigates the argument of recollection in Plato’s Phaedo, with the aim of understanding its articulation with the theory of Forms and its epistemological, ontological, and metaphysical implications. The study is based on the hypothesis that recollection, by presupposing the soul’s prior contact with the Forms in a state preceding embodiment, grounds an epistemology that positions the soul as an intermediary between the sensible world and the objects of true knowledge. The process of recollection begins with the sensible perception of similar and dissimilar things, but its deepening occurs through the dialectical method of question and answer. In this context, the soul emerges as the agent of both cognitive and moral activity, being the only entity capable of recovering, during life, the contents of true knowledge. The research also discusses the necessity of a temperate way of life on the part of the philosopher, as a condition for full recollection and for avoiding, after death, the punishments associated with the injustice of the soul Tipo: Dissertação 2025-09-11T00:00:00Z